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What is Public Health?

Public health focuses on protecting and improving the health of entire communities. Rather than treating illness after it occurs, public health works to prevent disease, promote healthy behaviors, and create conditions that support well-being for all people.

The three core functions of public health—assessment, policy development, and assurance—guide how public health agencies carry out this work. Together, these functions help ensure communities are informed about health issues, that effective policies are developed to address them, and that services are available to support and protect the public’s health.

The 10 Essential Public Health Services provide a nationally recognized framework that describes what public health systems should do to keep communities healthy. These services outline how public health protects against health threats, promotes healthy environments, and works in partnership with communities to improve health outcomes.

Achieving optimal health for all requires more than programs and services alone. Public health also works to advance policies, systems, and environments that support health and reduce barriers to care. This includes addressing factors such as access to healthcare, safe housing, education, and economic opportunity.

At its core, public health is grounded in the belief that everyone should have a fair and just opportunity to achieve good health and well-being.

  • Assess and monitor population health.
  • Investigate, diagnose and address health hazards and root causes.
  • Communicate effectively to inform and educate.
  • Strengthen, support and mobilize communities and partnerships.
  • Create, champion and implement policies, plans and laws.
  • Utilize legal and regulatory actions.
  • Enable equitable access.
  • Build a diverse and skilled workforce.
  • Improve and innovate through evaluation, research and quality improvement.
  • Build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health.

The 10 Essential Public Health Services

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Los 10 Servicios Esenciales de Salud Pública

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(702) 759-1000

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(702) 759-1000

 

Updated on:  March 30, 2026

2026-03-30T17:26:32-07:00
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